For long way touring motorbikes, the engine or engine oil temperature monitor is a must have add-on. As temperature increases, biker can control the engine temperature by decreasing accelerator or stop for few hours, That may helps in engine seizure. So lets get started.
Circuit diagram
Components
IC1:PIC16F684
J1 connector to LM35
R1 to R3: 1K ohm
R4 to R10: 330 or 470 Ohm
D1: 5V1 Zener diode.
T1 to T3: BC547
DIS1 to DIS3: Common cathode 7 Segment display.
Description
The PIC microcontroller's RA0/AN0 pin is set to analog input. LM35 temperature will gives 0.01V for 1'C so for 20'C=0.20V. this voltage is fed to the ADC of PIC, the 10-bit ADC output is converted into Celsius form and distribute them to 3 7 segment displays ADC to integer form converson (10 bit): ((adc_i/P)*500)/1023;
In every automobile info cluster, everyone needs to know about their battery status, some cars/motorbikes having that features but i don't think they all are showing in volts. some times we need to know about battery charging voltage for overcharging, over draining etc. it will helps user to troubleshoot their electrical systems as well.
Circuit:
The Above figure is circuit of voltmeter, I have used bus over there (blue color) to simplify the work.
Note: Before connecting high voltage to the network, Make sure of configuration of input voltage divider network (ADC input pin connection) they are R12,R14,R14. After confirming voltage at the junction of R13 & R14 is < =5.1V, connect to microcontroller input.
Components: (some components in circuit diagram is not same as real parts)
This voltmeter can show voltage from 0.1V to 20.0V
The battery voltage is fed to the resistor voltage divider network to reduce voltage for 20V range to 5V range. That reduced voltage to the ADC of PIC microcontroller. the controller will convert ADC Hex value and show them in multiplexed 3 digit 7 segment display.
LED breathing is one of the eye candy for every vehicles, LED fad in and fade out effect looks awesome with under body lighting.
We are using PIC microcontroller here, PIC12F683 is a small 8 pin circuit and having 1CCP module (PWM) in it, it wont cost too much, may be within Rs.60 (1$).we are using 1 pin for PWM output, 1 pin for button pressed feedback and another for button to vary breathing speed (delay between changing duty cycle of PWM), other 3 pins are left spare, you can use it for any other functions like blinkin.
The Voltage regulation Hero LM7805 will not works as we expected here, it will not provide enough juice(current) to charge cellphone's battery, especially more that 1500mah battery, So we need more current that provides enough juice to cellphone.
Here we are using LM2596 (Texas instruments) this provides 3A switch mode power supply. That is more than enough to charge 2 cellphones, Don't worry if you charge 1 cellphone, phone takes only max of 1A. It is the best/fast charging circuit i ever experimented.
This circuit is to provide power supply for 1A 5V digital gadgets like gadgets including LCD, Microcontroller, or any gadgets or components that need neat and filtered 5V.
The microconroller based project for automobiles mainly having problems with power supply line, the car, motorbike or any automobile power supply includes starter motors, Horns, relays and so many voltage surging elements, the motors and relays may cause high backward spikes that may cause reverse polarity in line for few micro seconds. in other hand horn and again starting motor may cause sudden null voltage effects. But microcontroller needs pure uninterrupted power supplay.
The LM7805 is the hero of low cost voltage regulator as you are always use, But only 7805 didnt work for Automobile electronics it needs filter of-course. So here we are.
Circuit Schematic
Components:
FB:ferrite bead - Normal (see picture).
Ferrite Bead
D1:1N4007.
D2: MUR802 (super fast rectifier) (change in schematic).
L1: 100mH 1.5W or 2W.
C1,C2: 1000uF 25V.
C3,C4: 0.1uF (Tantalum).
IC1: LM7805 (change in schematic but same package in PCB).
The digital RPM meter calculates Revolution of piston or flywheel. The technique behind this is CCP (Capture and Compare) and Pulse width.
This is give away of "MMD ramper" secrets ;-)
INPUT:
All motorbike or Car engine is provided with fry-wheel with pulsar coil to activate spark plugs. these pulses can be taken for RPM reading.
The spark plug sensor can also be applied, but the problem is unwanted high level spike and distortions, and also not that accurate as previous method
CCP:
This includes 3 modules in microcontrollers they are, Capture and compare/ PWM/PPM, we need only Capture and compare here.
Capture and compare the name itself says capturing pulse and comparing them, This module takes pulses as input. If one pulse occurs, the timer will starts for either rising edge of pulse or falling edge (whatever programmer specified) and waits for another pulse to occur, after second pulses specified edge it gives the timer outputs in form of bits ( say timer of 16 bits it gives output like 65535-lapsed bits). That means you got period (1/frequency) of pulse.
Conversion:
Got pulse frequency in bits form for calculations
Actual formula
f = clock(32MHZ)/(8(prescaler)*(65536-timer value))
for RPM (For 4 stroke bike or 2 cylinder car) = countervalue*1.085;
for RPM (For 4 cylinder car) = countervalue*0.5425;
RPM output will be in form of 1K RPM = 100 (10RPM), you can divide the value by 100 to get in form of 1s(1=1k)
Pulse:
I have differentiated pulse pattrns for motorbike and car,
For motorbike
4 stroke: you will get 1 pulse per 2 rotation of fly-wheel
2 stroke: 1 pulse per 1 rotation
But car having 2 to 4 pistons (cylinders),
Car with 2 cylinders (cylinders) gives pulses same as 4 stroke motorbike.
Car with 4 cylinders will give 2 pulses per 1 rotation.
Sensor circuit
The diode gets pulses from pulsar coil, and then that is fed to protection circuit. Because the input voltage may be in 10 to 18V dc, we need pulses in 5VDC for microcontroller TTL level. After transistor the pluse is inverted, so we have added schmitt trigger IC,
output graph
Red -Input say 24V
Orange - voltage at transistor base
Yellow - at transistor collector
Green - Output 5Vdc
Output
You can get output in forms of 7 segment, Alphanumeric LCD or even led graph.
My suggestion:
PIC18F26k22 (40 pin)
2 - 7 segment display (not multiplexed) with 13 LED bargraph.
Mainly designed for police like light switching. This circuit works best with LED strips, High power LEDes, and also Applicable for Indicators.
Well Programmed, 3 Switchable patterns, 1 pattern includes 3 set of blink types
This circuit is made by PIC microcontroller, here I pre-programmed for 3 sets of 3 type functions, You can edit that program…
The given PCB is designed with SMD packages,The project also including schematic with normal components make PCB yourself.
This circuit is formally “MMD Blinker”, made by / made for “Mozambi Moto Digital”
Schematic:
Components:
IC1: PIC12F675 (wrong in schematic, same package and pin-out)
IC2:LM7805 (wrong in schematic, same package and pin-out)
Resistors: 10K, 1K, 4.7K, 100 Ohm.
Capacitors: 0.1uF (tantalum recommended) .
Diodes:
D2:1N4007
D1: 5V1 Zener diode.
Q3,Q4: BC547
Q1,2: PNP high power any.
PCB layouts, Project files(Eagle & MikroC) and .HEX code
This circuit is like an advanced version of first blinker circuit, it uses 2 astable circuits, not 2 IC. We can use 556 here. 2 Astable multivariator of Low and High frequencies are cascaded and gives good programmed pulse like 1 long pulse and 2 to 5 sort pulse (Depends upon setting).
The below circuit shows Multi-function blinker circuit
Components:
IC:U1A,U1B : LM556 (Duel timer IC) Resistors:R1: 1.2K, R2:1K*, R3 750 Ohm, R5:220 Ohm Pot:R4:1K Ohm, (R2:2K*) Diode:D1,D2,D3: 1N4007. Transistor: Q1: MJE200 or any power NPN transistor. Capacitors:C1:100uF, C2,C4:10nF, C3:22uF.
Description:
The First stage multivibrator is set to 5 hz, 50% duty cycle (on off 5 times in second ;) ).
The second stage is a variable one. it varies from 15hz to 160hz
When first stage in OFF state the second stage is ON -> High only
When first stage is ON, The trigger circuit will activate second stage and low frequency pulses
Before any electrical modifications please be aware of these things
Battery
Get your motorbike is up and ready, Check and maintain it for proper voltage.
check the battery level when engine off that is 12.3V or above.
check the battery voltage when engine running that has to be battery volatge + 1.5 volts,
Example: Your battery level at engine off is 12.3V, then engine on (Charging voltage) will be 13.8 or above.
If your bike is out of battery connection, first heck for fuse. If fuse is blown, then check for short circuits in wiring harness. Please don't bypass fuse, It may spoil your good battery.
Contacts
Keep all electrical contacts proper and good, make sure every cut or joint has insulated. Make use of metal connectors while joining wires to devices like Horns, relays, etc., please avoid skinning wire and twist connections.
Before doing any project with Microcontroller or any sensitive 5V device, Get pure 5V DC circuit first.
